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Does the Keto Diet Cause Constipation?

Can keto cause constipation? Understand the reasons and find natural remedies to ease discomfort.

By KetoFuse Staff Updated on
Does the keto diet cause constipation
Does the keto diet cause constipation

You heard about keto - you did your research and were immediately sold. Now you're excited to start and lose that extra pound. But here's something not too many people talk about - the unwelcome side effects of keto. Let’s talk about it!

As you start this high-fat, low-carb journey, you might experience some side effects including constipation. This can be frustrating, as the keto diet’s severe reduction in carbohydrates often leads to low-carb constipation by limiting fiber intake.

So, does the keto diet cause constipation? Unfortunately, yes. But don't worry, there could be a way out. Let’s see what you can do when you experience constipation on the keto diet. We’ll cover practical advice to ease your discomfort so you can focus on achieving your weight loss goals.

Key Takeaways

  • Keto constipation often arises from low fiber and hydration levels.
  • Increase fiber through keto-friendly foods like greens and nuts.
  • Stay well-hydrated to aid digestion and prevent constipation.
  • Consult a doctor if symptoms persist or become severe.

Why Keto Can Lead to Constipation

Reduced Fiber Intake

The keto diet's low-carb nature significantly reduces fiber intake, which is crucial for regular bowel movements[1]. Without enough fiber, you may experience low-carb constipation because fiber adds bulk to stools and helps them pass more easily.

This lack of fiber is a primary reason why keto and constipation often go hand in hand. So, does keto cause constipation? Yes, it certainly can, primarily due to reduced fiber consumption[1].

Dehydration

Hydration is vital for a healthy digestive system, but the ketogenic diet can lead to dehydration. Since carbohydrates help retain water in the body, their reduction in keto results in increased water excretion.

This dehydration can make stools harder and more difficult to pass[2], worsening constipation on keto. Understanding this connection helps make things easier for you when you’re on keto, emphasizing the importance of adequate fluid intake.

Electrolyte Imbalances

Electrolyte imbalances, especially in sodium and potassium, are common on the keto diet. These minerals are crucial for muscle function, including those in the digestive tract. An imbalance can slow down gut mobility[3], leading to keto diet constipation. So you might want to balance your electrolyte levels.

Changes in Gut Microbiome

The shift to a high-fat, low-carb diet can alter your gut microbiome. This dietary change affects the balance of bacteria that aid digestion, potentially leading to keto constipation. A 2021 study notes[4];
Sophie van Oppenraaij

A image of Sophie van Oppenraaij expert

A high-fat diet leads to reduced diversity of the gut microbiota in humans and rodents compared with low-fat diets, regardless of the fat source being lard, milk, safflower oil, or palm oil. - Sophie van Oppenraaij.

The lack of diverse nutrients from fibrous foods can upset the gut's bacterial ecosystem, contributing to digestive issues. Now that you know how important this is, you need to take proactive measures to maintain gut health while on the keto diet.

Symptoms of Keto Constipation

When you start noticing fewer trips to the bathroom while on your keto journey, you might be experiencing keto constipation. This can manifest as hard, dry stools and the uncomfortable feeling of irritability during bowel movements (IBS).

For some, constipation on keto might just be a passing phase as your body adjusts to the diet's demands, typically lasting a few days to a few weeks.

So, how long does keto constipation last? It varies, but understanding what helps can ease this low-carb constipation. Staying hydrated, incorporating more fiber-rich, keto-friendly foods, and maintaining a balanced electrolyte level are key strategies to help.

We’ll see more about that in the next section.

How to Prevent Keto Constipation

Increase Fiber Intake

When trying to prevent low-carb constipation on the keto diet, fiber is your best friend. Opt for high-fiber, keto-friendly foods like leafy greens, nuts, and seeds. These help add bulk to your stool, making it easier to pass and keeping constipation at bay. A 2022 study notes[5];
Dr. Waseem Khalid

A image of Dr. Waseem Khalid expert

The insoluble fiber is present in vegetables... The insoluble fiber helps to cure constipation and complications like helping stool to pass out quickly through the intestine and bulking it up…speeding up the process of removal of waste from the digestive tract. - Waseem Khalid, et al.

Remember, just because you're cutting carbs doesn't mean you have to skimp on fiber.

Stay Hydrated

Water, water, and more water!

Hydration is crucial to preventing those hard, dry stools often associated with keto and constipation. Drinking plenty of water helps keep your digestive system moving smoothly and can alleviate the discomfort of keto diet constipation[6]. Always keep a water bottle handy.

Monitor Electrolyte Intake

Electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium, play a vital role in maintaining fluid balance[7] and supporting muscle function, including those in your intestines. Maintaining proper electrolyte levels can help prevent constipation on keto by ensuring your digestive muscles are working efficiently.

Consider a Laxative (Consult a Doctor)

If you've tried these strategies and are still wondering how long keto constipation lasts, it might be time to consider over-the-counter laxatives as a last resort. However, you’ll want to consult a healthcare professional before taking this step to ensure it's appropriate for your situation.

Treating Keto Constipation

  • Increase Water Intake: Hydration is your first line of defense when tackling constipation on keto. Drink plenty of water to help soften stools and promote a smoother digestive process. This helps alleviate low-carb constipation.
  • Add Fiber-Rich Foods: While the keto diet might limit some traditional sources of fiber, there are still plenty of options that can help. Incorporate keto-friendly, fiber-rich foods like leafy greens, nuts, and seeds into your meals. These choices add necessary bulk to your stools, making bowel movements more regular and comfortable.
  • Consider a Laxative (Consult a Doctor): If constipation persists despite your best efforts with hydration and fiber, it might be time to consider a laxative. However, this should be viewed as a last resort. Always consult a healthcare professional before proceeding.

When to See a Doctor

If you're struggling with keto constipation that lasts beyond a few weeks or is paired with intense pain, it’s wise to see a doctor. Persistent constipation might signal an issue that needs medical attention.

If basic solutions like drinking more water and adding fiber don't help, professional advice will. Getting timely medical guidance can help resolve these digestive challenges and ensure your keto journey remains healthy and effective.

Conclusion

So here’s what we think - understanding and addressing keto constipation proactively can make all the difference in the world. The main culprits, as we’ve seen, include a lack of fiber and hydration.

So make sure you're incorporating leafy greens, nuts, and seeds into your meals, and don't forget to drink plenty of water. If constipation persists beyond a few weeks or is accompanied by severe symptoms, rush to your doctor.

Your keto experience should be nothing short of beneficial and enjoyable. These practical steps will help. Embrace the diet's benefits while being mindful of these simple yet effective strategies to keep your digestion in check.

References

  1. Yang J, Wang HP, Zhou L, Xu CF. Effect of dietary fiber on constipation: a meta analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2012 Dec 28;18(48):7378-83. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i48.7378. PMID: 23326148; PMCID:PMC3544045. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3544045/
  2. Arnaud MJ. Mild dehydration: a risk factor of constipation? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec;57 Suppl 2:S88-95. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601907. PMID: 14681719. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14681719/
  3. Orlando A, Chimienti G, Notarnicola M, Russo F. The Ketogenic Diet Improves Gut-Brain Axis in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Impact on 5-HT and BDNF Systems. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 20;23(3):1098. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031098. PMID: 35163022; PMCID: PMC8835524. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8835524/
  4. Attaye I, van Oppenraaij S, Warmbrunn MV, Nieuwdorp M. The Role of the Gut Microbiota on the Beneficial Effects of Ketogenic Diets. Nutrients. 2021 Dec 31;14(1):191. doi: 10.3390/nu14010191. PMID: 35011071; PMCID: PMC8747023. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8747023/
  5. Khalid W, Arshad MS, Jabeen A, Muhammad Anjum F, Qaisrani TB, Suleria HAR. Fiber-enriched botanicals: A therapeutic tool against certain metabolic ailments. Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Aug 26;10(10):3203-3218. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2920. PMID: 36249968; PMCID:PMC9548355. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9548355/
  6. Popkin BM, D'Anci KE, Rosenberg IH. Water, hydration, and health. Nutr Rev. 2010 Aug;68(8):439-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00304.x. PMID: 20646222; PMCID: PMC2908954. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2908954/
  7. Masood W, Annamaraju P, Khan Suheb MZ, et al. Ketogenic Diet. [Updated 2023 Jun 16]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499830/